Axle Mounting/ Steering/ Wheels

An axle is a device that connects the wheels of one axis to each other, and provides a connection to the vehicle body as well. If it is a drive axle, it also transmits driving torque directly to the wheels.

Types of axles:

1. Drive axle;
2. Steering axle;
3. Drive-steer axle;
4. Dead axle.

Drive axle structure:

1. Axle drive;
2. Final drives;
3. Differential;
4. Axle shaft;
5. Wheel hubs.

Tips for exploitation of vehicle axles:

1. Try to keep axle parts clean. After driving off road, especially after the rain, you have to clean them of adhering dirt and check the casing intactness. Weekly washing and cleaning of axles is recommended.
2. If you hear rattling in the axle housing while driving a car you should stop and immediately check the housing temperature. It should be within limits of 50-60Cº. Such a value corresponds to oil temperature in normal condition, which is about 75 Cº. If actual temperature is higher, you should run diagnostics.
3. It is essential to choose correct transmission oil. All-season oils are more profitable, but the oil type depends on weather conditions in your region. If environmental temperature is high you should use gear oil of lower viscosity (for example, 70W-90 or 75-W90). In extremely cold winters (down to -30Cº) you should use gear oil of higher viscosity – 80W or 85 W. it is strictly not recommended to mix oils of different classes, different viscosity and even different manufacturers.
4. If you install a new axle you should thoroughly check its operation during first 3000 kilometers of mileage. If in this period you start hearing rattle in the casing, it is necessary to adjust the differential and retighten the mountings

Axle parts defects:

1. Axle shafts’ wear-out;
2. Gears’ wear-out;
3. Destruction or damage of bearings;
4. Differential failure;
5. Wear-out of oil seals and gasket seals;
6. Breakage of axle shaft flanges mounting studs.

Signs of axle parts failure

1. Elevated noise level in the differential case while driving a vehicle;
2. Oil spots under axle casings in a vehicle standing time;
3. Getting oil on break gears;
4. Drive axle seizure.

Causes of axle parts failure

1. Insufficient oil in the system;
2. Using oil that is not recommended for this vehicle;
3. Using low quality parts;
4. Incorrect parts connection;
5. Using improper parts;
6. Getting dirt and foreign objects in the differential;
7. Chronic overload of the car;
8. Aggressive style of driving.

Axle repair and replacement of parts

The easiest way to check axle condition of your car by yourself is to accelerate the car to 90 km/h on a level road. If at such a speed you hear noise in the underside, feel vibration or steering response decreases, you should do a more complete analysis of the system.

While checking the axles’ layout it is essential to check oil level in casing, as well as its condition. Besides you should clean the breathers and vent lines and check mountings of flanges. This diagnostics should be run after 30000-40000 kilometers of mileage.

You should also remember that in case of wear-out (even inconsistent) or damage of differential parts, they are all replaced all-in, due to the necessity of high precision of the apparatus adjustment. Other parts can be replaced only by full compatibles.

Clearance between the axial bearings as well as backlash of axle drive gears is measured by a special instrument and adjusted during the diagnostics.

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Ανταλλακτικά αυτοκινήτων Spare parts